Iifayibha ezichasene ne-static luhlobo lwefayibha yeekhemikhali ezingaqokeleli lula iitshaja ezinganyakaziyo. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, iifayibha ezichasene ne-static ziyafuneka ukuba zibe ne-volume resistivity engaphantsi kwe-10¹⁰Ω·cm okanye i-static charge dissipation half-life engaphantsi kwemizuzwana engama-60.

Izinto zelaphu ikakhulu zizigqubuthelo zombane ezinokumelana okuphezulu, ingakumbi iifayibha ezenziweyo ezinokufunxwa okuncinci komswakama njengeefayibha zepolyester, i-acrylic, kunye ne-polyvinyl chloride. Ngexesha lokucubungula ilaphu, ukudibana okusondeleyo kunye nokungqubana phakathi kweefayibha kunye neefayibha okanye iifayibha kunye namacandelo oomatshini kuya kubangela ukudluliselwa kwetshaja kumphezulu wezinto, ngaloo ndlela kuvelise umbane ongashukumiyo.

Umbane oqinileyo unokuzisa iziphumo ezininzi ezimbi. Umzekelo, iifayibha ezinetshaji efanayo ziyaxovulana, kwaye iifayibha ezinetshaji ezahlukeneyo zitsala iindawo zomatshini, nto leyo eya kubangela ukugungqa kweqhekeza, ukwanda koboya bentambo, ukwakheka kakubi kwephakheji, ukunamathela kwefayibha kwiindawo zomatshini, ukwanda kokuqhekeka kwentambo, kunye nemicu esasazekileyo kumphezulu welaphu. Emva kokuba impahla itshajiwe, kulula ukufunxa uthuli kwaye ingcole, kwaye ukuxinana kunokuvela phakathi kwempahla nomzimba womntu, okanye phakathi kwempahla nempahla, kwaye neentlantsi zombane zinokuveliswa. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-static voltage inokufikelela kumawaka aliqela ee-volts, kwaye iintlantsi eziveliswa kukukhupha zinokubangela imililo enemiphumo emibi.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunika iifayibha zokwenziwa kunye neempahla zazo iipropati ezihlala ixesha elide ezingashukumiyo. Umzekelo, iipolymers eziphila emanzini okanye iipolymers ezisebenzisa amandla aphantsi zingongezwa ngexesha lokupholisha okanye ukujikelezisa iifayibha zokwenziwa; iteknoloji yokupholisha edibeneyo ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iifayibha ezidibeneyo ezinomaleko wangaphandle ophila emanzini. Kwinkqubo yokupholisha, iifayibha zokwenziwa zingaxutywa neefayibha ezine-hygroscopicity enamandla, okanye iifayibha ezinee-positive charges kunye neefayibha ezinee-negative charges zingaxutywa ngokwendlela enokwenzeka. Ukugqitywa okuxhasiweyo okuhlala ixesha elide kusetyenziswa nakwimpahla.

Ukulungiselela iifayibha ezineempembelelo ezihlala ixesha elide zokungashukumi, ii-surfactants zihlala zongezwa kwi-spinning dope ukuze kujikelezwe umxube. Emva kokwenziwa kwefayibha, ii-surfactants ziya kuqhubeka zifuduka kwaye zisasazeke ukusuka ngaphakathi kwefayibha ziye kumphezulu ngenxa yeempawu zazo, ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo sokungashukumi. Kukwakho neendlela ezifana nokulungisa ii-surfactants kumphezulu wefayibha ngokusebenzisa izincamathelisi okanye ukuzidibanisa kwiifilimu kumphezulu wefayibha, kwaye isiphumo sifana nokubrasha i-varnish engashukumi kumphezulu weplastiki.

Isiphumo sokungashukumi kwe-fibers ezinjalo sinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokufuma kwendalo. Xa ukufuma kuphezulu, ukufuma kunokunyusa ukuhanjiswa kwe-ionic ye-surfactant, kwaye ukusebenza kokungashukumi kuphucuke kakhulu; kwiindawo ezomileyo, isiphumo siya kuba buthathaka.

Eyona nto iphambili kolu hlobo lwefayibha engasebenziyo kukutshintsha i-polymer eyenza ifayibha, kunye nokuphucula i-hygroscopicity yefayibha ngokongeza ii-monomers okanye ii-polymers eziphila emanzini, ngaloo ndlela ziyinika iipropati ezingasebenziyo. Ukongeza, i-copper sulfate ingaxutywa kwi-acrylic spinning dope, kwaye emva kokujikeleziswa kunye nokujiya, iphathwa nge-sulfur-containing reducing agent, enokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokuqina kokuqhuba kweefayibha eziqhubayo. Ukongeza kwi-mix spinning eqhelekileyo, indlela yokongeza ii-polymers eziphila emanzini ngexesha le-polymerization ukwenza inkqubo ye-micro-multiphase dispersion iye yavela kancinci kancinci, njengokongeza i-polyethylene glycol kumxube we-caprolactam reaction ukuphucula ukuqina kweepropati ezingasebenziyo.

Iifayibha eziqhuba isinyithi zihlala zenziwe ngezinto zesinyithi ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezithile zokwenza ifayibha. Iifayibha eziqhelekileyo ziquka intsimbi engatyiwayo, ubhedu, i-aluminium, i-nickel, njl. Ezi fayibha zinombane oqhuba kakuhle, zinokuqhuba ngokukhawuleza iitshaja, kwaye zisuse ngokufanelekileyo umbane ongashukumiyo. Kwangaxeshanye, zikwanokumelana okuhle nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali. Nangona kunjalo, xa zisetyenziswa kwimpahla, kukho imida ethile. Umzekelo, iifayibha zesinyithi zinobumbano oluphantsi, kwaye amandla okubopha phakathi kweefayibha ngexesha lokusonta awanele, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki zomgangatho wentambo; umbala weemveliso ezigqityiweyo unqunyelwe ngumbala wesinyithi ngokwaso kwaye sisodwa. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, zihlala zidityaniswe neefayibha eziqhelekileyo, kusetyenziswa inzuzo yokuqhuba yeefayibha zesinyithi ukunika iimveliso ezixutyiweyo iipropati ze-antistatic, kunye nokusebenzisa iifayibha eziqhelekileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kokujikeleza kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.

Iindlela zokulungiselela iifayibha eziqhuba ikhabhoni ziquka ikakhulu ukufunxa, ukugquma, ukufunxa ikhabhoni, njl. Ukufunxa kukuxuba ukungcola okuqhubayo kwizinto ezenza ifayibha ukutshintsha isakhiwo se-elektroniki sezinto, ngaloo ndlela kunike ifayibha ukufunxa; ukufunxa kukwenza umaleko oqhubayo ngokufunxa umaleko wezinto zekhabhoni ngokufunxa umaleko wezinto zekhabhoni ngokufunxa okuhle okufana nomnyama wekhabhoni kumphezulu wefayibha; ukufunxa ngokubanzi kusebenzisa i-viscose, i-acrylic, i-pitch, njl. njengeefayibha zangaphambili, kwaye kuziguqula zibe ziifayibha zekhabhoni eziqhubayo ngokusebenzisa ukufunxa okuphezulu kobushushu. Iifayibha eziqhuba ikhabhoni ezilungiselelwe ngezi ndlela zifumana ukufunxa okuthile ngelixa zigcina inxalenye yeempawu zokuqala zoomatshini zeefayibha. Nangona iifayibha zekhabhoni eziphathwa yi-carbonization zinokufunxa okuhle, ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nokuxhathisa iikhemikhali, zine-modulus ephezulu, ubume obuqinileyo, ukungabikho kokuqina, azixhathisi ukugoba, kwaye azinawo amandla okufinyela ubushushu, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwazo akukuhle kwezinye iimeko apho iifayibha kufuneka zibe nokuguquguquka okuhle kunye nokuguquguquka.

Iifayibha zokuqhuba zendalo ezenziwe ngeepolymers zokuqhuba zinesakhiwo esikhethekileyo esidityanisiweyo, kwaye ii-elektroni zinokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwikhonkco leemolekyuli, ngaloo ndlela zine-conductivity. Ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezizodwa zokuqhuba kunye neempawu zezinto eziphilayo, ezi fayibha zinexabiso elinokubakho lokusetyenziswa kwezinye iindawo eziphezulu ezineemfuno ezikhethekileyo zokusebenza kwezinto kunye nobuthathaka bexabiso eliphantsi, njengezixhobo ezithile ze-elektroniki kunye neendawo zeenqwelo moya.

Olu hlobo lwefayibha lusebenza ngendlela echasene ne-static ngokugquma izinto eziqhubayo ezifana nomnyama wekhabhoni kunye nesinyithi kumphezulu weefayibha eziqhelekileyo zokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokugqiba umphezulu. Inkqubo yokugquma isinyithi iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ibiza kakhulu, kwaye inokuba nefuthe elithile kwiimpawu zokunxiba ezifana nokuziva kwefayibha ngesandla.

Indlela yokujikeleza edityanisiweyo kukwenza ifayibha enye enezixhobo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa indibano ekhethekileyo yokujikeleza edityanisiweyo kwinkqubo efanayo yokujikeleza ngokusebenzisa iipolymer ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezineenxalenye okanye iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Xa kulungiswa iifayibha ezichasene ne-static, iipolymer ezine-conductivity okanye iipolymer ezongezwe ngezinto ezidibanisa i-conductive zihlala zisetyenziswa njengenxalenye enye kwaye zihlanganiswe neepolymers eziqhelekileyo ezenza ifayibha. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokulungiselela ifayibha ezichasene ne-static, iifayibha ezilungiselelwe ngendlela yokujikeleza edityanisiweyo zineempawu ezizinzileyo ze-antistatic kwaye azinampembelelo imbi kangako kwiimpawu zokuqala zeefayibha.

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, xa umoya womile kakhulu ebusika, umbane ongashukumiyo unokwenzeka ukuba uveliswe phakathi kolusu lomntu nempahla yakhe, kwaye umbane ongashukumiyo okhawulezileyo unokufikelela kumashumi amawaka ee-volts kwiimeko ezinzima, nto leyo ebangela ukungakhululeki emzimbeni womntu. Umzekelo, ukuhamba phezu kweekhaphethi kunokuvelisa ii-volts ezili-1500-35000 zombane ongashukumiyo, ukuhamba phezu kwe-vinyl resin floors kunokuvelisa ii-volts ezingama-250-12000 zombane ongashukumiyo, kwaye ukukhuhla esitulweni ngaphakathi kunokuvelisa ii-volts ezingaphezu kwe-1800 zombane ongashukumiyo. Inqanaba lombane ongashukumiyo lixhomekeke kakhulu kumswakama womoya ojikelezileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa ukuphazamiseka okungashukumiyo kudlula ii-volts ezingama-7000, abantu baya kuziva besothukile ngombane.

Umbane oqinileyo uyingozi emzimbeni womntu. Umbane oqinileyo oqhubekayo unokunyusa i-alkalinity egazini, unciphise umxholo we-calcium kwi-serum, kwaye wonyuse ukuphuma kwe-calcium kumchamo. Oku kunempembelelo enkulu kubantwana abakhulayo, abantu abadala abanamanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu e-calcium egazini, kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye noomama abancancisayo abafuna i-calcium eninzi. Ukuqokelelwa kakhulu kombane oqinileyo emzimbeni womntu kuya kubangela ukuqhutywa okungaqhelekanga kwe-brain nerve cell membranes, kuchaphazele inkqubo ye-nervous ephakathi, kukhokelele kutshintsho kwi-pH yegazi kunye neempawu ze-oxygen zomzimba, kuchaphazele ulungelelwaniso lomzimba, kwaye kubangele iimpawu ezifana nesiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, ukucaphuka, ukungalali, ukuphelelwa ngumdla, kunye nokuxinana kwengqondo. Umbane oqinileyo unokuphazamisana nokujikeleza kwegazi lomntu, iinkqubo zokuzikhusela kunye neemvakalelo, uchaphazele umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezitho ezahlukeneyo (ingakumbi intliziyo), kwaye unokubangela isantya sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo kwangaphambili. Ebusika, malunga nesithathu sezifo zentliziyo zinxulumene nombane oqinileyo. Ukongeza, kwiindawo ezinokutsha neziqhumayo, umbane oqinileyo emzimbeni womntu unokubangela imililo.