Kutshanje, uluhlu lwedatha olukhutshwe lisebe lezibalo laseMzantsi Korea lubangele inkxalabo enkulu: ngo-2023, ukungeniswa kwe-intanethi eMzantsi Korea okuvela kwi-intanethi e-China kunyuke nge-121.2% unyaka nonyaka. Okokuqala ngqa, iTshayina idlule i-United States yaba ngumthombo omkhulu wokungeniswa kwe-intanethi e-intanethi eMzantsi Korea.
Lo ngumzekelo wamva nje wophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwe-e-commerce e-China. Idatha evela kwiSebe lezoRhwebo ibonisa ukuba ngo-2023, ukungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwe-e-commerce e-China e-China yayiziitriliyoni ezingama-2.38 zeeyuan, ukunyuka kwe-15.6%. Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kufikelele kwi-1.83 yeetriliyoni zeeyuan, ukunyuka nge-19.6 yeepesenti ngonyaka.
Ziziphi iinkalo ezintsha zorhwebo lwe-elektroniki oluwela imida ekukhuthazeni ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe? Zithini izizathu zophuhliso lwayo olukhawulezileyo? Iyintoni indlela yexesha elizayo? Ngale mibuzo, intatheli yethu yenze udliwanondlebe.
Ingoma ethi “Blue Ocean” izele zizinto ezibalulekileyo
Ngomhla wesi-4 kweyoMdumba, inqwelo-moya eyayithwele iimpahla zorhwebo lwe-elektroniki eziwela imida ezifana neempahla, izihlangu kunye neminqwazi, izixhobo kunye nezinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla yabhabha isuka kwiSikhululo seenqwelo-moya iRaining International Airport eKashgar, kwiPhondo laseXinjiang isiya eBournemouth, e-UK. Le nqwelo-moya yayithwele iimpahla ezilungiselelwe ngabavelisi baseTshayina kwiinkampani zorhwebo lwe-elektroniki eziwela imida ezifana neAmazon kunye neWish.
“Sibonelela ngokuthenga, uthutho, ukuqokelelwa kolwazi lwempahla kunye nezinye iinkonzo zorhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida yangaphandle, kwaye singabathathi-nxaxheba kwicandelo lothutho lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida. Sincinci njengentambo yentloko, izikliphu zeenwele, ezinkulu njengeejenereyitha, izixhobo zoomatshini, oko abathengi baphesheya abakufunayo, sinceda ekuthengeni oko.” UZhang Qi, intloko yeFengyun Supply chain Technology (Xinjiang) Co., LTD., uxelele intatheli yethu ukuba ukuthuthwa kweempahla ze-e-commerce oluwela imida kubeka ukubaluleka okukhulu kwixesha elifanelekileyo. IKashgar inenzuzo ekhethekileyo yendawo “yabantu abahlanu ukuya kumazwe asibhozo, ukuya eYurophu naseAsia”, kwaye isangqa sezoqoqosho somoya seeyure ezili-1.5 sinokugubungela izixeko eziphambili zamazwe asi-8 afana nePakistan neTajikistan, enenzuzo ekhethekileyo yendawo yorhwebo lwangaphandle.
Ngokutsho kukaZhang Qi, okwangoku, iKashgar Customs isebenzisa “iiyure eziyi-7×24″ zokubhukisha ukususwa kwempahla, ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo iinkqubo zokususwa kwempahla, kunye nokwenza ukuba “ukufika, ukukhululwa kwempahla kube semgangathweni”, nto leyo evumela amashishini ukuba agcine amandla angakumbi okuphuhlisa abathengi abatsha kwimarike yaseYurophu ngokusekwe ekudibaniseni iimarike zase-Asia Ephakathi naseMzantsi Asia. “Ukususela ngo-2021, imali engenayo yenkampani ikhule ngesantya esingaphezulu kwe-100% minyaka le. Emva kokuvulwa kwendlela yempahla esuka eKashgar ukuya eBournemouth, impahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle ephethwe yinkampani inyuke ngakumbi. Sichithe uMnyhadala weNtwasahlobo woNyaka weDragon nabasebenzi bempahla!” utshilo uZhang Qi.
Ukongeza ekwandiseni ubukhulu bejografi obuthe tye, uphuhliso lwamacandelo emarike athe nkqo lukwafake ezinye iindlela "zolwandle oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" kurhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida.
UHuang Kai, waseShaoyang, kwiPhondo laseHunan, wazalwa ngo-1999. Nangona emncinci, unamava amaninzi kwezoshishino. Emva kokugqiba eyunivesithi, uHuang Kai wafumanisa ukuba ishishini likamalume wakhe lokutyela etafileni nasezihlalweni lalikhuphisana kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukwenza inkqubela entsha ngexesha elifutshane. Ngoko ke uHuang wajika ingqalelo yakhe kwiitshaneli ze-intanethi. Emva kokuhlalutya zonke iintlobo zedatha yangasemva eqhutywa yivenkile yakhe kwiSitishi saMazwe ngaMazwe sase-Ali, uHuang Kai ukholelwa ukuba ukuthunyelwa kweesofa ngaphandle yindlela enokubakho.
“Isikhongozeli singathwala iitafile nezitulo zokutyela ezingama-2,000, kodwa ziliqela leesofa ezili-18 kuphela, ngoko ke iinkampani ezininzi azifuni ukuthumela iisofa kwamanye amazwe.” Nangona kunjalo, akukho mfuneko ingako yeesofa ezivela kubathengi bamanye amazwe.” UHuang Kai uxelele le ntatheli ukuba emva kokuqinisekisa le ndlela, waqala ukuhlola indlela esebenza ngayo iisofa ezisebenzayo kunye neesofa ezidibeneyo zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika ngoncedo lukamalume wakhe.
Kuvele ukuba iHuang Kai ikwindlela elungileyo. Ukusukela oko kwasekwa unyaka onesiqingatha, iJiezhu Furniture Co., Ltd. yaseHuang Kai ikhule ngokukhawuleza, ngomthamo wenyanga wokuthumela ngaphandle ongaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-2 zeeyuan ngo-2023. “Ngorhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida, amashishini amadala anokwenza izinto ezintsha. Kwelinye icala, ngoncedo lwamaqonga e-e-commerce awela imida, sinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nazo zonke iintlobo zabathengi bamanye amazwe kwaye siyiqonda ngenkuthalo isantya semarike; Kwelinye icala, siyaqhubeka nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwiimveliso zethu kwaye siphucule ukusebenza kweendleko zeemveliso zethu.” UHuang Kai uthe ngokophuhliso lwale nkqubela, kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2024, ixabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle ifenitshala yaseJiezhu kulindeleke ukuba lifikelele kwizigidi ezi-3 zeeyuan okanye kwanezigidi ezi-4 zeeyuan ngenyanga.
ULu Daliang, isithethi se-General Administration of Customs kunye nomlawuli weSebe lezoHlalutyo lwezibalo, ukholelwa ukuba uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida alupheleli nje ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezahlukeneyo nezabucala zabathengi basekhaya, kodwa lukwanceda iimveliso zaseTshayina ukuba zifikelele kwihlabathi liphela, zibe ngamandla abalulekileyo okuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lorhwebo lwangaphandle.
Umoya wentwasahlobo womgaqo-nkqubo uzisa ubushushu
Urhwebo lwe-elektroniki oluhamba ngemida luza kuthumela inani elikhulu leempahla kumazwe nakwimimandla emininzi ngendlela yeepasela ezincinci ezihamba ngemida, nto leyo ehambelana nomkhwa omtsha wophuhliso lorhwebo lwangaphandle. UWang Shouwen, umxoxisi wezorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye noSekela Mphathiswa weSebe lezoRhwebo, uthe iinkampani zeqonga le-elektroniki elihamba ngemida lase-United States zidumile kakhulu, kwaye ngoku iTshayina ikwanalo neqonga le-elektroniki elihamba ngemida elinamandla kakhulu nelidumileyo, apho ukhuphelo lwe-APP luphakathi kwezona ziphezulu kwihlabathi.
Ngokolwazi olubonelelwe yiShanghai Customs, ngo-2023, inani leentengiso ze-e-commerce ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kwizibuko zeenqwelo moya zaseShanghai lifikelele kwi-440 yezigidi zeetikiti, ukwanda okuphantse kube kabini ngonyaka kwaye kuphezulu kakhulu; Ixabiso lilonke lokuthumela ngaphandle lidlule kwi-85 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi zeerandi. Phakathi kwazo, i-Aliexpress, i-Xiyin, i-Pinduoduo kunye nezinye iiplatifomu ze-e-commerce zaseTshayina ezisakhulayo zisebenza kakuhle, zizonke zi-odolo ezingaphezu kwama-400,000 ngosuku.
Ukususela ekudaleni amashishini abonisa iimpawu zorhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida ukuya ekuphuculeni ubuchule, ubungakanani, kunye nenqanaba lobukrelekrele kwiindawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya, ukusuka ekuphuculeni amandla eenkonzo zothutho lolwandle nolweenqwelo-moya ezikhoyo kunye nobubanzi bemitha ukuya ekuqhubekeni nokuphunyezwa komgaqo-nkqubo werhafu yokuthumela impahla ebuyiselweyo yorhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida… Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umgaqo-nkqubo wentwasahlobo kulo lonke elaseTshayina uye waba sisizathu esibalulekileyo sophuhliso olukhawulezayo lorhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida.
– Amandla okubonelela aqinileyo. I-Zhejiang Yiwu Shenglin Trading Co., Ltd. liqela lokuqala labarhwebi ukungena kwiqonga le-e-commerce eliwela umda we-“Duoduo cross-border”, apho iimveliso zalo zigubungela iimpahla zasekhaya, izixhobo zasekhitshini, indawo yokugcina impahla kwigumbi lokuhlambela, izixhobo zefashoni njalo njalo. Kungekudala emva kokufika kwayo, umthamo wee-odolo zemihla ngemihla zeShenglin Trading kwiTemu ufikelele kwii-odolo ezingama-30,000. Ngokombono kaGuo Xinxin, umphathi jikelele wenkampani, kungenxa yemigaqo-nkqubo yenkxaso yamasebe karhulumente kuwo onke amanqanaba kushishino lokuvelisa kunye nemodeli epheleleyo yokugcina impahla eqaliswe kumda, iingenelo zobonelelo lweshishini “loshishino kunye nokuhlanganiswa korhwebo + umzi-mveliso wentsebenziswano” zinokudlalwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane ngcono neemfuno zabathengi bamanye amazwe.
– Ukususwa kwempahla ngokukhawuleza. Ngomhla wama-24 kweyoMqungu, kwiziko lokucoca impahla le-e-commerce public eGuangxi Youyi Pass Port, iipakethe zokuthumela impahla ngaphandle kwe-e-commerce phesheya kwemida zadlula ngokukhawuleza izixhobo zokuhlola oomatshini kumgca wokukhetha kwaye zafakwa emotweni emva kokuhlolwa kwempahla. UZhang Wei, umphathi jikelele weGuangxi Overfly Supply Chain Management Co., LTD., wafumanisa ukuba iimpahla ekufuneka zihlolwe nazo zinokuphuma kweli lizwe ngaloo mini inye, kwaye iimpahla ezingadingi kuhlolwa zinokuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngoko nangoko, kwaye zinokuthunyelwa eVietnam kwiiyure ezi-2. “Ngokuqinisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuhlola ezingangenisi ntsholongwane ezifana noomatshini be-X-ray kunye nokuqinisa uthelekiso lwesikrini esifanayo, sinciphisa inani leepakethe ezivuliweyo kwaye sikhawulezisa ukuhlolwa nokukhululwa kweempahla.” Umphathi wecandelo lesibhozo le-Friendly Customs supervision uGao Lu uthe.
– “Dlala” ngakumbi kwi-intanethi. Kunyaka ophelileyo, i-Alibaba International Station yakhokela ekuqaliseni imveliso ye-AI yorhwebo lwangaphandle oludibeneyo olupheleleyo, olunemisebenzi efana nokukhutshwa nokulawulwa kwezinto ezikrelekrele, uhlalutyo lwemarike, ukwamkelwa kwabathengi, ukuguqulelwa ngexesha langempela kunye nolawulo lwamashishini, ukuze amashishini athumela ngaphandle akwazi ukunxibelelana ngokulula nangokukhawuleza nabathengi bamanye amazwe kwaye athathe amathuba oshishino. Umntu ofanelekileyo ophethe i-Alibaba International Station ukholelwa ukuba nokuba liqonga lorhwebo lwangaphandle lwedijithali, okanye amashishini amancinci naphakathi orhwebo lwangaphandle, ukuqaliswa koluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa urhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida kudlale isiphumo esihle, kunceda iimveliso zaseTshayina ukuba zikhawulezise ulwandle. Ngokuziswa kwamanyathelo amatsha, “ukudlala” kwe-e-commerce oluwela imida nako kuya kwanda, kwaye umda we-smes wokuthumela ngaphandle kulindeleke ukuba uncitshiswe ngakumbi.
Ukusondeza iTshayina kwihlabathi liphela
Urhwebo lwe-elektroniki oluwela imida luye lwakhawulezisa isantya seemveliso zaseTshayina eziya elwandle, ngelixa luvumela iimveliso ezininzi zaseTshayina ukuba zihlanganiswe kwiimpahla, ukutya, izindlu kunye nokuthuthwa kwabathengi bamanye amazwe, nto leyo enciphisa umgama phakathi kweTshayina nehlabathi.
Singasondela ngokutya okumnandi. “I-noodle ye-Liuzhou yi-snack ekhethekileyo, kwaye ndinethemba lokuyincoma kubantu abaninzi baseTshayina baphesheya kwezilwandle.” UZheng Xiaozhen, waseKhanada obuyileyo, utshilo. Ngokutsho kuka-Ou Haoxuan, intloko yesebe lezoshishino laphesheya kwezilwandle kwiGuangxi Luobawang Food Technology Co., LTD., kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, inkampani iye yahlakulela kakhulu iimarike zaphesheya kwezilwandle ngokusebenzisa urhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida, kwaye imveliso yokuqala “iLuobawang Luosifen” iphumelele ukungena kwiimarike eziphambili ezifana ne-United States, iKhanada kunye ne-Southeast Asia.
U-Ou Hao Xuan uxelele le ntatheli ukuba urhwebo lwe-e-commerce oluwela imida luvumela amashishini ukuba afikelele ngokuthe ngqo kubathengi behlabathi, aphendule ngokukhawuleza kutshintsho lwemarike kwaye akhuthaze ukuveliswa kwemveliso entsha. “I-Luosifen inencasa eyahlukileyo 'emuncu, ebukhali, entsha, ebangela ukungakhululeki kunye neshushu'. Ngoku, siphuhlisa iimveliso ezintsha zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha abathengi bengingqi, siphucula amaqhinga okuthengisa asekuhlaleni, kwaye sicwangcisa ngenkuthalo intsebenziswano nababhali beeblogi abaziwayo baphesheya ukuze kwandiswe ukuvezwa kunye nempembelelo yeemveliso zethu kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.” 'utshilo.
Vala umgama, kodwa nangokuvelisa izixhobo eziphilayo. Ekupheleni kuka-2023, umrhwebi waseRomania wayenxibe njengoSanta Claus waza wakhwela ibhayisekile yombane ye-"Jinpeng" yophawu lwaseTshayina ukuze asasaze izipho zoNyaka oMtsha ebantwaneni, nto leyo etsala ingqalelo enkulu. UHou Dafu, intloko yeJinyishun Group's overseas platform brand, uxelele le ntatheli ukuba ii-electrical tricykes, njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuvelisa nokuthutha abantu, ngokwesiko zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiivenkile ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi ukuze zibonise kwaye zithengise. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokunyuka kwenani leevenkile ezingaxhunyiwe kwi-intanethi kunye nokunyuka kweendleko, iimarike zaphesheya ziye zaba yindawo ebalulekileyo yokuqala kwamashishini ukwandisa iindawo ezintsha zokukhula.
“Ngoncedo lwe-e-commerce ewela imida, sazisa iimpawu zee-tricycles zombane zokuthutha umgama omfutshane, ukuthuthwa kwemithwalo, ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kubathengi baphesheya ngokusasaza bukhoma, kwaye sifumene ii-odolo ezininzi ngaphandle kokuya phesheya ukuvula iivenkile.” Ukusukela ngo-2019, ukuthunyelwa kwethu kwamanye amazwe kunyuke ngaphezulu kwama-30% ngonyaka, kwaye sithengise kumazwe angaphezu kwama-80 nakwiindawo kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye iqela lethu lorhwebo lwangaphandle likhule ukusuka kubantu aba-5 ukuya kubantu abangaphezu kwama-60.” UHou Dafu uthe kulo nyaka, iJinpeng Group icwangcisa ngokukhutheleyo ivenkile yokuqala ephambili yaphesheya, ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokugcina impahla yangaphandle, ukusekwa kwezityalo zokucubungula kwamanye amazwe, kunye nokwandisa ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle.
Ngokwedatha yoMphathiswa Wezorhwebo, kukho amashishini angama-645,000 asebenza kakuhle ekuthengiseni nasekuthumeleni kwamanye amazwe kweli lizwe, apho amashishini e-e-commerce angaphezu kwe-100,000 awela imida. Iingenelo ezikhethekileyo ezenziwe eTshayina kunye nemfuno enamandla kwiimarike zaphesheya kolwandle zongeze ukuzithemba kubasebenzi be-e-commerce abawela imida.
ULiu Hang, umphathi wezoshishino eziwela imida yeDuoduo, uthe ukusukela oko yasungulwa ngoSeptemba 2022, iDuoduo Cross-border ivule amashishini kumazwe angaphezu kwama-40. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iDuodo Cross-border ikhuthaze iimveliso zokwenza ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezivela eGuangdong, eZhejiang, eShandong, eAnhui nakwezinye iindawo ukuze zingene kumazwe angaphezu kwama-40 kunye nemimandla eMntla Melika, eYurophu, eAsia nakwezinye iindawo, kwaye ithumela ngaphandle iipakeji ezingaphezu kwama-400,000 ngosuku. Ubuhle beGuangzhou, iimveliso zedijithali zaseShenzhen, iimpahla zabantwana zaseHuzhou, izihlangu zaseWenzhou, iimveliso zeplastiki zaseTaizhou, iikomityi zethermos zaseJinhua, njl.njl., zikhawulezisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla babathengi bamanye amazwe. “Siza kusebenzisana nabaqhubi bezorhwebo langaphandle ukwenza ‘ikhekhe’ leempahla zasekhaya eziya elwandle zibe nkulu.” utshilo uLiu Hang.
Umthombo: Uhlelo lwe-People's Daily Overseas
Ixesha leposi: Feb-21-2024