Ukususela oko amaHouthi aqala ukuhlasela kwawo kuLwandle oluBomvu, iiprimiyamu zeinshorensi yemfazwe zinyuke ngama-900 ekhulwini. Olu lwazi luyothusayo luvela kwingxelo ekhutshwe ngomhla wama-26 yiNgqungquthela yoRhwebo noPhuhliso lweZizwe eziManyeneyo (i-UNCTAD).
Ngokwemithombo ethembekileyo, iiprimiyamu zomngcipheko wemfazwe zifikelele kwi-0.1% kuphela yexabiso lenqanawa ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo, kodwa ekuqaleni kwale nyanga, elo nani lalinyuke laya kwi-1% yexabiso lenqanawa. Olu nyuko olukhulu lube nefuthe elikhulu kwishishini leenqanawa zehlabathi kunye norhwebo.
Kwangaxeshanye, ingxelo ikwatyhila umkhwa ophazamisayo: ithrafikhi edlula kwiSuez Canal kulo nyaka yehle ngama-42 ekhulwini unyaka nonyaka, ngelixa ithrafikhi edlula ePanama nayo yehle ngama-49 ekhulwini. Oku kwehla kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kufikelela kwi-12 ekhulwini yorhwebo lulonke lwaseMelika, apho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubalelwa kuma-21.3 ekhulwini kunye nokungeniswa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubalelwa kuma-5.7 ekhulwini.
Kumazwe afana ne-Ecuador (25.6%), iChile (22%) kunye nePeru (21.8%), impembelelo yomjelo ovalekileyo yayinzima kakhulu. Umthamo wezorhwebo wala mazwe uchaphazeleke kakhulu, apho iimpahla ezikwiikhonteyina zithatha indawo enkulu. Kwiveki yesibini kaFebruwari, iinqanawa ezingama-586 zeekhonteyina kwakufuneka zitshintshe indlela yazo zijikeleze iCape of Good Hope ukuze ziphephe iSuez Canal.
Ukongeza, ukuphazamiseka kweSuez Canal kube nefuthe elikhulu kurhwebo kumazwe aliqela. Ngokwengxelo, iipesenti ezingama-33.9 zorhwebo lwaseSudan, iipesenti ezingama-30.5 zorhwebo lwaseDjibouti, iipesenti ezingama-26.4 zorhwebo lwaseSaudi Arabia kunye neepesenti ezili-19.4 zorhwebo lwaseSeychelles zonke zichaphazelekile ngandlela ithile.
I-Yemen ngumzekelo obalaseleyo, apho i-UNCTAD ifumanise ukuba malunga ne-31.6% yorhwebo lwayo inokuchaphazeleka kakubi kukuphazamiseka komjelo, nto leyo ephikisana noko bekulindelwe yiyo.
I-Unctad ikwaqaphele ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwezothutho akuyi kukhokelela kuphela ekunyukeni koxinzelelo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso, nto leyo eya kunyusa amaxabiso eempahla, ingakumbi ukutya. Oku kwabonakala ngexesha lokunyuka kwamaxabiso eempahla emva kobhubhane. Ingxelo iqikelela ukuba malunga nesiqingatha sokunyuka kwamaxabiso okutya okubhalwe ngo-2022 kuya kuba ngenxa yeendleko zothutho eziphezulu.
Ukongeza, i-UNCTAD yongeze ngelithi ukujika ukuya eCape of Good Hope kunye nokunyuka kwesantya okunxulumene noko kuya kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kwiinqanawa. Kwiindlela ezivela eMpuma Ekude ukuya eMntla Yurophu, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kunokunyuka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-70%.
Nangona iingxelo zangaphambili bezigxile kwindlela olu hlaziyo oluya kwandisa ngayo ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kwiinqanawa, i-UNCTAD ifumanise ukuba isantya naso sinyukile, sisuka kumyinge wama-knots ali-14.6 ngo-Okthobha ukuya kuma-knots ali-16.2 phakathi kuJanuwari. Kubalwe ukuba ukunyuka kwesantya ngama-knots amabini kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngama-31% ngemayile nganye.
Ingxelo igxininisa ukuba amazwe asaphuhlayo asengozini enkulu yokuphazamiseka kwiinethiwekhi zokuthutha kunye notshintsho kwiindlela zorhwebo. Olu tshintsho aluyi kunyusa nje iindleko, kodwa lunokutshintsha ukulula korhwebo kunye nokufikelela kwiimarike. Nangona impembelelo yezi ngxaki zidibeneyo ingekafikeleli kwinqanaba lokuphazamiseka okubangelwe yibhubhane okanye ingxaki yezempahla yehlabathi ka-2021-2022 eyalandelayo, i-UNCTAD isajonge ngokusondeleyo imeko eguqukayo ukuze ivavanye impembelelo yayo yexesha elide kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye nomzi-mveliso wokuthutha.
Umthombo: Inethiwekhi yoThutho
Ixesha leposi: Feb-28-2024