Kutheni Ubunzima Belaphu Bungaphantsi Komgangatho? Ukusombulula iingxaki kwiinkalo ezisi-8

I-GSM yelaphu enganelanga (iigram ngemitha yesikwere) ingabonakala ngathi yingxaki encinci engenampembelelo ingako kurhwebo oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwii-odolo zokuthumela ngaphandle okanye kwiintengiselwano ezithile zorhwebo, i-GSM idla ngokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Akuqhelekanga ukuba amashishini afumane i-odolo enkulu aze ajongane nokubuyiselwa okanye amabango ngenxa ye-GSM yelaphu engaphantsi komgangatho. Nazi izizathu zokungoneli kwe-GSM yelaphu.

1. Ukuchonga ilaphu le-GSM

Okokuqala, qinisekisa ukuba inani lemisonto kunye nobuninzi belaphu ziyahambelana nemigangatho. Sika isampulu engunxande okanye yesikwere kwilaphu, uqinisekise ukuba imiphetho yayo ihambelana nemisonto emibini ye-warp kunye nemisonto emibini ye-weft. Linganisa ubude nobubanzi (ngeesentimitha) ngerula yentsimbi ukuze ubale indawo yesampulu esikiweyo (ngeesentimitha zesikwere). Emva koko linganisa isampulu kwisikali sokulinganisela (ngeemiligram).
Ifomula yokubala isampuli ye-GSM:

I-GSM=1000Ubunzima (mg)​÷10000Indawo (cm2)​=Indawo (cm2)Ubunzima (mg)​×10

1.1 Indlela Yokubala Edibeneyo kunye Nesixhobo

Umzekelo: Isampulu yelaphu inobude obuyi-7 cm kunye nobubanzi obuyi-8 cm, enobunzima obuyi-772 mg.

I-GSM=7×8772​×10=138 g/m2

1.2 Indlela yeZixhobo kuphela

Sebenzisa isampulu yelaphu elijikelezayo. Beka ilaphu ngaphantsi uze ujikelezise umsiki ngokwewotshi amaxesha amaninzi ukuze usike iisampuli ezintathu ezijikelezayo (zithathwe ubuncinane kwi-20 cm ukusuka kwisiphelo selaphu okanye se-selvedge). Linganisa iisampuli kwibhalansi ye-elektroniki ukuze ufumane ixabiso elichanekileyo le-GSM.

2. Ukubala i-GSM yamaLaphu adayiweyo

Ilaphu elingwevu i-GSM ibhekisa kubunzima ngeyunithi yendawo yelaphu, edla ngokubonakaliswa ngeegram ngemitha yesikwere (g/m²) okanye ii-ounces ngeyadi yesikwere (oz/yd²). I-GSM yokwenyani ichaphazeleka kakhulu ngumlinganiselo wokuxuba umqhaphu, inani leentambo, ububanzi belaphu eligqityiweyo, kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba. Apha ngezantsi kukho iifomyula ezilula zokubala i-GSM:

2.1 Ukubalwa kwe-GSM kwamaLaphu aDayiweyo angaSoluliyo

I-GSM=(Ubalo lweWarp Yarn Fabric Grey Warp Density​+Ubalo lweWeft Yarn Fabric Grey Weft Density​)×24.3
Umzekelo: Bala i-GSM yelaphu ngeenkcukacha eziyi-20×16 / 128×60 / 63″.

I-GSM=(20128​+1660​)×24.3≈246.6 g/m2

Uluhlu lokwenyani lwe-GSM lumalunga ne-242–248 g/m².

2.2 Ukubalwa kweGSM kwamaLaphu aGqityiweyo okuSolula

I-GSM=Ububanzi beLaphu eliGqityiweyoUbubanzi beReed × (Ubalo lweWarp Yarn Ubuninzi beWarp kwiLoom ×22.17+Ubalo lweWeft Yarn Ubunzima beWeft yeLaphu eliMhlophe ×21.4)
Umzekelo: Bala i-GSM yelaphu ngeenkcukacha C 78″ / 20×16+70D / 116×48.

I-GSM=5878​×(20116​×22.17+1648​×21.4)≈259 g/m2

Uluhlu lwe-GSM lokwenyani lumalunga ne-260–265 g/m².

Qaphela: I-78″ ibhekisa kububanzi berenji, kwaye i-58″ ibhekisa kububanzi belaphu eligqityiweyo.

3. Uthelekiso Phakathi Kokubala Okulula kunye Nokulinganisa Okwenyani

Thelekisa ixabiso le-GSM elibalwe kusetyenziswa ifomula elula kunye ne-GSM yokwenyani elinganisiweyo yesampulu yelaphu eligqityiweyo. Ngokubanzi, ukuphambuka okungaphakathi kwe-±5 g/m² kuthathwa njengokufanelekileyo. Ukuphambuka okubalulekileyo kufuna uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yamava, ezi patheni zilandelayo zishwankathelwe:
Ukuphambuka okungaphakathi kwe-±5 g/m² kuyinto eqhelekileyo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, landela le migaqo: Iintambo ezihlanganisiweyo zemisonto zidla ngokuba nokuphambuka okuncinci.
  1. Kwimisonto exutyiweyo ye-polyester-cotton, i-polyester-nylon, kunye nemisonto yefayibha yamakhemikhali, i-conversion constant iphezulu kune-583.1 constant esetyenziselwa umqhaphu ococekileyo. Imisonto enenani elifanayo inenani eliphezulu le-tex count, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amaxabiso e-GSM abaliweyo abe phantsi kunexabiso lokwenyani elilinganisiweyo.
  2. Iintambo ezidityanisiweyo zenziwa ngokujija iintambo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kunye. Ngenxa yokuncipha kokujija, inani lentambo yokwenyani lityebile kunenani eliqhelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni ixabiso le-GSM elibaliweyo libe ngaphantsi kunexabiso elilinganisiweyo. Oku kuphambuka kubonakala ngakumbi xa zombini iintambo ezidityanisiweyo kunye nezidityanisiweyo.
  3. Iintambo ezisontiweyo ezivulekileyo zenziwe ngeefayibha ezisisiseko kwaye zilahlekelwa kakhulu ngexesha lokukhuhla kwinqanaba langaphambi kokudaya nokuprinta, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amaxabiso e-GSM abaliweyo abe phezulu kunexabiso elilinganisiweyo.
  4. I-GSM idla ngokwanda nge-5–6.5% emva kokuhlamba.
  5. Kwilaphu elidaywe ngombala omnyama, ubunzima bedayi bubangela ukuba ixabiso le-GSM elibaliweyo libe phezulu kancinci kunexabiso elilinganisiweyo.
  6. Kwilaphu elinombala okhanyayo okanye okhanyayo, ixabiso le-GSM elibaliweyo liphezulu kancinci kunexabiso lokwenyani elilinganisiweyo.
  7. I-GSM inyuka nge-3–7% emva konyango lokugquma.
  8. I-GSM yehla nge-3.5–6% emva konyango lokuxutywa.

4. Izizathu Zokunciphisa Ilaphu Eligqityiweyo le-GSM

  1. Ukolula kakhulu ngexesha lonyango kukhokelela ekunciphiseni uxinano lwe-weft.
  2. Ukunweba ilaphu eligqityiweyo libe nobubanzi obugqithisileyo.
  3. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-alkali kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu emva kokulungiswa konakalisa imicu yentambo.
  4. Intambo eluhlaza ethengiweyo incinci kunenani elichaziweyo (umz., intambo ye-40S eqhelekileyo ilinganisa i-41S).
  5. Ukukrazuka okukhulu kwentambo eluhlaza ngexesha lokuluka kubangela ukuqhekeka kwefayibha eninzi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba intambo ibe ncinci kwaye i-GSM ibe sezantsi.
  6. Iinkqubo zokudaya kwakhona okanye zokukrazula ngexesha lokudaya zikhokelela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwentambo kunye nentambo encinci.
  7. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu bomlilo ngexesha lokutsha buyomisa umphezulu welaphu; iinkqubo zokususa ubungakanani emva koko zonakalisa intambo, nto leyo eyenza ibe ncinci.
  8. Ukonakala komphezulu welaphu ngexesha lokugqiba iinkqubo zokuxubha okanye zokusuda.
Ixesha leposi: Agasti-18-2025